Of the few surviving sources about Caligula and his four-year reign, most were written by members of the nobility and senate, long after the events they purport to describe. Tiberius died in 37 and Caligula succeeded him as emperor, at the age of 24. In 26, Tiberius withdrew from public life to the island of Capri, and in 31, Caligula joined him there. The conflict eventually led to the destruction of her family, with Caligula as the sole male survivor. When Germanicus died at Antioch in 19, Agrippina returned with her six children to Rome, where she became entangled in a bitter feud with emperor Tiberius, who was Germanicus' biological uncle and adoptive father. Caligula was born into the first ruling family of the Roman Empire, conventionally known as the Julio-Claudian dynasty, two years before Tiberius became emperor.Īlthough Gaius was named after Gaius Julius Caesar, he acquired the nickname "Caligula" ('little boot'), the diminutive form of caliga, a military boot, from his father's soldiers during their campaign in Germania. He was the son of the Roman general Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder, Augustus' granddaughter. Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August 12 – 24 January 41), better known by his nickname Caligula ( / k ə ˈ l ɪ ɡ j ʊ l ə/), was Roman emperor from AD 37 until his assassination in AD 41.
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